What is Anal Fistula?
An anal fistula is a small tunnel that connects an infected gland in the rectal canal to the opening around the anus. The anus is the outer opening through which faeces are ejected from the body as excreta once the food gets digested.
There are many glands inside the anus which are responsible for producing mucus that lines the inner skin for the smooth movement of faeces. Sometimes, these glands get clogged and infected.
This phenomenon leads to an abscess – a collection of pus built up within the tissues. Abscesses that are not treated on time, may develop into a fistula.
Causes of Fistula
- Intestinal inflammatory disease
- Ulcerative colitis
- Crohn’s disease
- Tuberculosis (T.B)
- Anorectal cancer
Symptoms of Fistula
- Recurrent anal abscess
- Pain and swelling around the anus
- Defecation pain
- Bleeding
- Skin irritation around the anus
- Fever, chills, and general fatigue
- Discharge of pus or blood
- Abdominal Pain
- Vomiting or Nausea
