What is a Anal Fissure?
It is a disease which occupies 70% of anorectal case. It is a linear ulcer of the anal canal. The anal edge is linearly torn due to the hard stool and increased distal circumference of the stool. This is a very painful condition. Pain is caused by the sphincter muscles. Anal fissure, fissure in Ano or rectal fissure is the rupture or tear of the anal canal skin. On toilet paper and underwear, or sometimes in the toilet, bright red anal bleeding may find an anal fissure.
Symptoms of Anal Fissures
The following symptoms are very prominent among the patients suffering from anal fissure:
- Pain, from mild to moderate and then to severe during discharging bowels
- Frequent pain after discharging bowels
- The pain often lasts for several hours
- Visibility of blood on the toilet paper or stool after pooping
- A cut in the skin near or around the anus
- A small swelling on the skin near the fissure
- A small swelling on the skin near the fissure
Causes of Anal Fistula
Fissures result from the stretching of your anal mucosa beyond its normal capacity. This often happens when stools are hard due to constipation. Once the tear happens, it leads to repeated injury. The exposed internal sphincter muscle beneath the tear goes into spasm. This causes severe pain. The spasm also pulls the edges of the fissure apart, making it difficult for your wound to heal. The spasm then leads to further tearing of the mucosa when you have bowel movements. This cycle leads to the development of a chronic anal fissure in approximately 40% of patients.
